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Past participles in Spanish
In English, past participles usually end in ed, such as walked, borrowed, and arrived. In Spanish, the past participles are formed as follows:
- If the Spanish verb ends in ar, drop the ar and add ado.
Example:
cantar to sing
cantado sung
- If the verb ends in er, drop the er and add ido.
Example:
comer to eat
comido eaten
- If the verb ends in ir, drop the ir and add ido.
Example:
recibir to receive
recibido received
There are several common Spanish verbs that have irregular past participle forms (they don't follow the above rules).
Spanish verbs with irregular past participles:
abrir
to open
caer
to fall
creer
to believe
cubrir
to cover
decir
to say, to tell
descubrir
to discover
deshacer
to undo
devolver
to return something
escribir
to write
hacer
to do, to make
imponer
to impose
imprimir
to print
ir
to go
leer
to read
oír
to hear
poner
to put
rehacer
to redo, to remake
reír
to laugh
resolver
to resolve, to solve
romper
to break
traer
to bring
ver
to see
volver
to return
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abierto
opened
caído
fallen
creído
believed
cubierto
covered
dicho
said, told
descubierto
discovered
deshecho
undone
devuelto
returned something
escrito
written
hecho
done, made
impuesto
imposed
impreso
printed
ido
gone
leído
read
oído
heard
puesto
put
rehecho
redone, remade
reído
laughed
resuelto
resolved, solved
roto
broken
traído
brought
visto
seen
vuelto
returned
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